Fluid pump construction



INVENTOR. Q/ware Le Vy Mayo.

ATTORNEY.

E. L. MAYO FLUID PUMP CONSTRUCTION Filed Maioh 6. 1934 Aug. 17, 1937.

Patented Aug. 17, 1937 UNITED STATES UID PUMP CONSTRUCTION Ed'vrardbevy Cleveland, Ohio, asignar to Mam The Bishop Babcock Manufacturing Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Applition March 6. 1934. Serial No. '114,354

'l Claim. (CL 10s-z3) l respectively eifective and ineifective to circulate The present. invention relates to improvements in pumps for automotive liquid cooling circulatory systems for internal combustion engines.

In the use of internal combustion engines having liquid cooling systems. it has commonly been v the practice, particularly in connection with automobiles to provide thermally operated valves to vary the flow of or entirely throttle the ow 0I the water or other cooling liquid to restrain or prevent circulation'of the liquid until and except at such times as the liquid has achieved or maintains agiven predetermined minimum temperature.

In such systems. a pump is employed as a separate piece of mechanism elsewhere in the system to induce the flow of liquid through the system and the throttling of the flow by the valve device has imposed an increased load on the pump.

Such 'hrottling devices have been employed for the purpose of enabling an engine to warm up" faster than otherwise would be the case, and are of particular value where a by-pass of the liquid cooling circulatory system is employed in which there is incorporated a hot water heater for the passenger compartment of the vehicle. At the same-time such throttling devices are additionally useful for the purpose of reducing the amount of condensation of the volatile fuel used in the engine, such condensation leaking 0 past the piston rings and diluting the crank case lubricant, during periods when a cold engine is being started and a necessarily rich mixture is supplied to the engine.

The present invention has for a primary object to provide as a unitary device a pump which is thermally operative to pump liquid through the system only when the liquid has achieved a predetermined temperature value.

Anotherobject of my invention is to provide improved means for starting and stopping a liquid circulating pump for an internal combustion engine upon temperature changes of the cooling medium.

Another object is to provide. in a pump of the' class referred to. means for automatically starting and stopping it in correspondence with temperature conditions of the engine.

Another object is to provide a pump for circulating liquid in the cooling system of an internal combustion engine having a. continuously operating power take-off from the engine and comprising means automatically responsive to predetermined high and low temperatures of the 55 liquid in the cooling system to render the pump the liquid in the system.

Otherk objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains.

Myvinvention is fullydis'closed in the following description taken in connection with the accomdrawing, in which:` Y

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of an internal combustion engine an'dicooling system and illustrating anembodime'tiof my invention applied thereto:

Fig. 2 is a sectional view to lan enlarged scale of a part of the apparatus offFig. l.

Referring to the I have shown generally at I an internal combustion engine comprising a base 2 and head 3 internally formed to provide the well known water jacket. A radiator 4 communicates by a conduit 5 with th water jacket at a point in the lower port-ion of the base 2 and the upper portion of the radiator 4 communicates through a conduit Sk and a pump shown generally at 1 with an upper portion of the water jacket. for example that portion in the head 3. The pump 1, to be more fully described,

is driven by a shaft 8 through the agency of a.

pulley 9 on theshaftand a belt I0 on the pulley l and a driving pulley Il driven by a shaft I2 from the crank shaft of the engine in a 'well known manner.

The pump 1, by a constructionand mode ofv operation to be described, circulates cooling liquid such as water through the cooling system above referred tolto prevent the engine temperature from rising to undesirably high values. When the engine is cold or while it is warming up after starting, the pump, although receiving power, develops no pressure and eifects no forced circulation. The cooling liquid therefore, particularly that in the engine jacket. rapidly warms up, permitting the engine to Warm up to an etlicient temperature. When, however` a predetermined temperature has been reached, the continuously driven pump begins to circulate the cooling liquid through the system thereby preventing or substantially preventing any further rise of temperature. The pump construction by which this is accomplished will now be described.

A pump housing I3 has a pump chamber Il. and an outlet conduit portion I5 and an inlet conduit portion I6, adapted to be connected respectively to the conduit B and to the head 3 of the engine. A pump rotor comprising vanes I1-I1, any suitable number of which may be provided, is mounted to rotate in the chamber Il. The vanes I1-I1 extend outwardly radially from a cup-form rotor head I6, the cup bottom of which is rigidly connected to a rotor shaft Il. A recess 20 is formed preferably at the center of the cup bottom 2l, and a threaded stud 22 having a collar 68 .intermediate its ends, has the end 66 opposite its threaded end, projected through a perforation 16 in the recess bottom, and riveted over inwardly of the cup bottom to rigidly mount the stud 22 on the cup bottom with the threaded end thereof projecting outwardly axially1 therefrom. The rotor shaft I5 has its inner end threaded upon the stud 22 and seated in the recess 20 to rigidly secure it to the cup bottom. Solder maybe applied at the junction of the stud 22 with the cup bottom to render it leak proof for a purpose that will be apparent.

, 'I'lle rotor shaft I3 is rotatably mounted in aV pair of axially spaced bearings 23-23 in a bearing housing 24 formed to provide a lubricant chamber 25 intermediate the bearings 23-23 from which the bearings receive lubricant.'` An annular recess 261s formed in the bearing housing 24, generally coaxial `of the shaft I l and open toward the cup bottom 2 I. Therecess'26 has a radially outer generally cylindrical wall 21 and a generally cylindrical radially inner wall^2l and an annular bottom 29.*'. A bearing washer of fiber or like material `has bearing engagement with the outer axial end of the cup bottom 2I, the washer having a central perforation. which surrounds with clearance the wall 26 and the peripheral edge of which is splinedy upon splines 3i upon the inner wall 21 to prevent rotation of the washer but to. permit free axial movement thereof.

A sheet metal shallow cup 32 has a large central perforation in the bottom thereof by which it is telescoped over the wall 26 and has seated therein a cork ring 33 sealingly fitting the wall 26 by its inner periphery and by an annular surface thereof 4o sealingly engaging the bearing washer 36. A compression spring 34 abuts at opposite ends upon the recess bottom 29 and upon the bottom of the cup 32. 'I'he outer end of the rotor shaft I5 has'a collar 35 secured thereon as for example by a pin 35 projected through the collar and through the shaft and has thrust bearings as at 31 upon v the bearing housing 24.

The bearing housing 24 as a whole may be supportedj generally coaxially with respect to the conduit portion VI6 of the pump housing I3 by a plurality of radially disposed spokes 36-35 connecting the wall 33 of the housing .portion I6 with thebearing housing 24. A free liquid flow` passageway is thus provided through the conduit portion I6 into the pump chamber I4 and around vthe vbearing housing 24.

A lubricant duct 46 may provide communication to the exterior of the housing from the lubri- V cant chamber 25 whereby, by well known means, lubricant under pressure may be vsupplied to the 65 seals eected by the rcork ring 33.

chamber 25 and may be caused to supply lubricant to the bearings 23-23 and to the'end thrust bearing 31, and to the bearing between the bearing washer 30 and the cup bottom 2l and to the.

When the housing I3 in general is filled with water in the operation of the pump, water Is prevented from leaking into the lubricant system 'just described by the pressure engagement at the end thrust v70 bearings 31rand 30-2I, end thrust being maintained at both of these bearlngs'by the spring 34, and water which rmay leak through the spline connection 3| will be trapped in the recess 25 by the seal effected by the cork ring 33.

Telescoped within the cup-form rotor head I6 mostat 42 isv sealed at opposite ends upon the cup bottom 2I of the head Il and the axially opposite cup bottom 43 of the inner cup 4I. Externally, the cup bottom 43 is provided withra truste-conical clutch element 44 and axially through the clutch element 44 and cup bottom 43, expansible fluid material may be inserted into the bellows 42. To this end, the clutch element 44 may have a stem 45 projected through a suitable perforation in the cup bottom 4,3 and adapted to be riveted over as at 46 internally of the cup,'and la suitable duct 41 may be provided through the stem 45 through which the expansibie thermostatic fluid may be injected into the bellows and then the duct sealed in a well known manner ss at 46.

A plurality of radially extending pins 45-42 are secured to the inner cup 4I r'and extend out# in the wall of the rotor head I6, thus providing a wardly through axially extending slots 56-55 1spline connection between the inner and the outer j cups above described, whereby rotary powerwhen Aapplied to the inner cup in a manner to .be dev scribed may rotate the rotor head. A pluralityiof radially aligned openings 5I 52 may lile-provided respectively in the `walls of the cups I6 and 4I whereby water In the pump housing may now into contact with the outerwall of the bellows 42 to communicate its temperature thereto. f

A drivingshaft 63 is mounted, preferably c axially of the rotor shaft I5 in axially spaced bearings 54-54 in a housing 55, and upon the outer end of the vshaft 53 the pulley II may bei rigidly secured and the hub of the pulley may have end thrust bearing as at 56 on a portion of the housing 55. The inner end of the shaft 53 is provided with a heed 51 having a preferably frusto-conical clutch recess 56 thereinformed to mate with the clutch element 44 in a manner to be described to eect clutching engagement between the shaft 53 and the rotor head I8. 'Ihe clutching surfacesrnay preferably .be as shown roughened or serrated, or may be made smooth as desired according to the kind of materials used. 4the thermally effected pressures operating the clutch and the area of the clutch surfaces. as at 66 upon an inner wall of the housing 55 and eifects end thrust bearing with the head 51.`

A shallowcup 6I, cork ring 62, spring 63 and lubricant chamber 64 are provided corresponding to the parts 32. 33. 34, and 25 above described.

It is believed that without further description, in view of the more complete descriptionof-the corresponding parts above referred to, lit will be A bearing washer 56 is splined f clear that the spring 53 effects end thrust to hold the bearing washer 56 against the head 51.

this end thrust being counter-acted by the end thrust bearing 56 and that lubricant from the, chamber 64 may lubricate the bearing surfaces thus provided and that the'cork ring 62 and the tracted position illustrated. The pulley II ceiving rotative power from theengine continuously rotates the shaft 53 and the clutch head 51, but without communicating this movement to the rotor head I8 due to the fact that the clutch element 44 is retracted axially from the clutch re;

cess 58 by the bellows. Y

When the temperature ofthe water in the engine jacket rises, it will be communicated to the bellows 42, causing it to expand. By the time the Water temperature has reached a value at which it becomes desirable to circulate the water through the radiator to prevent further rise of temperature, the bellows 42 Willhave been heated thereby sufficiently to expand it and cause the l5 clutch element 44 to be moved toward the left axially as viewed in the drawing into engagement with the clutch recess 58, thereby clutching the rotor head I8 to the `rotating shaft 53 and rotating the head I8 and therewith the pump 20 vanes I'l--lL Pumping pressure is thereby immediately generated and the water is forceably circulated through the system above described.

To aid the expanding movement of the bellows 42 effecting engagement of the clutch means, I 25 preferably dispose therein a compressed spring 'I0 having its end convolutions abutting the cup bottoms 2| and 43. A spring 'I0 also limits contracting movement of the bellows 42.,

If, due to any cause, the water temperature 30 should fall to or below the desired efficient engine temperature, the reduction of temperature will be communicated to the bellows 42 and it will contract suiiiciently to disengage the clutch element 44 and the clutch recess 58 and stop further rotation of the pump vanes i'l-Il and stop forced circulation of the water. the water is at or below a predetermined low temperature, there willbe no forced circulation through the radiator but whenever it is at or 4o above a predetermined higher temperature,

forced circulation will be maintained.

In order to prevent a thermo-syphon effect tending to cause circulation of liquid through the system when the pump is at rest, I have pro- 15 vided a check valve herein shown as being of ball type having a valve ball 6l and an annular valve seat 65 disposed within the conduit I5 on the discharge side of the pump, together with a grid 66 in said conduit in spaced relation to the 50 valve seat 65 to restrain the ball 61 from displacement in the circulatory system from a position wherein it will again be seated when the pump is again inoperative.

It will be readily understood that the ball 81 will be carried from its seat when the pump is in operation by liquid forced from the pump but that at all other times its weight will be suicient to retain it on its seat to restrain undue thermosyphon circulatory currents of the cooling me- (m dium through the system.

My invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described. Many changes and modifications may be made within the spirit of my invention without sacrificing its 0.-, advantages and without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a fiuid pump construction, a walled conduit means, a pump rotor in the conduit means, a rotary driving shaft extending through a wall of Thus when the conduit means supportingafirst clutch element, a driven shaft ln the conduit meanssupl to, a thermostat for moving the clutch element,

and a driving shaft extending through a wall of the conduit vmeans carrying a clutch element engageable by the thermostat movable clutch eley ment.

3. In a fluid pump construction, a rotatably supported rotor comprising a pair of hollow axially telescopable rotor head elements, vanes on one of the head elements, a clutch element on the other head element, and a thermostat within the head elements effecting relative axialmovement therebetween, a rotary driving element provided with a clutch element disposed to be engaged by the head carried clutch element upon thermostatic effective movement thereof.

4. In a fluid pump, a housing, a pair of driving and driven shafts having portions in the housing substantially axially aligned and spaced apart, a pump rotor in the housing comprising a hollow central head on the driven shaft and carrying an axially movable driven clutch element, and a thermostat for effecting axial movement of the clutch element, a mating clutch element carried by the driving shaft engageable by the driven clutch element.

5. 1n a fluid pump, a housing, a pair of driving and driven shafts having portions in the housing substantially axially aligned and spaced apart, a pump rotor inthe housing comprising a hollow central head on the driven shaft and carrying an axially movable driven clutch element, and a thermostat for effecting axial movement of the clutch element, a mating clutch element carried by the driving shaft engageable by the driven clutch element, the thermostat effecting axial thrust on the driving shaft and a sealed thrust bearing for the driving shaft.

6. In a fluid pump construction, a walled conduit means, a pump rotor therein, a driven shaft supporting the rotor, a driving shaft extending into the conduit means through a wall thereof substantially aligned with the driven shaft, confronting clutch elements supported by the shafts respectively, a thermostat for engagingthe clutch elements exerting opposite thrusts on. the shafts, and a thrust bearing sealing the driving shaft with respect to the conduit means wall.

7. In a fluid pump construction, a walled housing, a pump rotor rotatably supported in the housing comprising an axially expandible head having pump vanes thereon, an axially movable clutch element carried by the head in the housing, a thermostat for moving the clutch element, a driving shaft extending into the housing carrylng a clutch element engageable by the thermostat movable clutch element.

EDWARD LEVY MAYO. 

